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        當(dāng)前位置:主頁 > 技術(shù)支持 > PHP > 視頻流使用FFmpeg將mp4視頻轉(zhuǎn)換為m3u8/ts文件

        視頻流使用FFmpeg將mp4視頻轉(zhuǎn)換為m3u8/ts文件

        時(shí)間:2024-10-03來源:風(fēng)信官網(wǎng) 點(diǎn)擊: 8537次
        風(fēng)信建站新的開發(fā)項(xiàng)目中引用視頻流技術(shù),為了有效解決大視頻在數(shù)據(jù)請求過程中加載過慢的問題,經(jīng)過多次測試,決定使用m3u8格式做為視頻流的格式,那么mp4和m3u8格式的視頻各有什么缺點(diǎn)和優(yōu)點(diǎn)呢?
         
        mp4視頻格式有以下優(yōu)點(diǎn):
         
        1:跨平臺(tái)支持,即支持pc端和移動(dòng)端(ios和安卓)。
        2:該格式性能優(yōu)越。
         
        mp4視頻的缺點(diǎn):
         
        1:視頻時(shí)間長度過長時(shí),在移動(dòng)端會(huì)消耗大量的流量,但隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)流量資費(fèi)的發(fā)展(將來流量是包月/年的,每月交一定費(fèi)用,流量無限使用。)該缺點(diǎn)將不再存在。
        2:視頻文件相對大一些。對于服務(wù)器的空間占用方面會(huì)有一定壓力。
         
        視頻本身的要求
        1:視頻轉(zhuǎn)碼格式需要是h.264
        2:音頻轉(zhuǎn)碼格式需要是AAC
        3:如果考慮到需要支持在PC端低版本IE(IE9及以下)的環(huán)境中(在該環(huán)境中只能使用flashplayer播放)支持視頻請求未下載到用戶本地緩存區(qū)的內(nèi)容播放。則需要視頻本身存在關(guān)鍵幀和關(guān)鍵時(shí)間點(diǎn)(服務(wù)器方面也有要求)。
         
        m3u8的優(yōu)點(diǎn):
         
        1:因?yàn)橐曨l被切成多個(gè).ts文件,所以不需要考慮元數(shù)據(jù)的問題,并且可以分段加載。
        2:在PC端使用flashplayer播放時(shí)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)視頻的絕對加密。也就是視頻即使是被下載到用戶本地也無法使用。
         
        m3u8的缺點(diǎn)
         
        正常情況下不支持PC端的播放。ckplayer做了兼容是支持在pc端播放的,前提是pc端瀏覽器需要支持flashplayer
         
        使用m3u8我們需要將mp4視頻進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)碼,命令如下:
         
        ffmpeg -i 2.mp4 -codec copy -vbsf h264_mp4toannexb -map 0 -f segment -segment_list m3u8/2.m3u8 -segment_time 10 m3u8/out%03d.ts
         
        G:\phpstudy_pro\wwwroot\ebiaoip-v\public>ffmpeg -i 2.mp4 -codec copy -vbsf h264_
        mp4toannexb -map 0 -f segment -segment_list m3u8/2.m3u8 -segment_time 10 m3u8/ou
        t%03d.ts
        ffmpeg version n4.3.1-23-gc19641b2e2 Copyright (c) 2000-2020 the FFmpeg develope
        rs
          built with gcc 9.3-win32 (GCC) 20200320
          configuration: --prefix=/ffbuild/prefix --pkg-config-flags=--static --pkg-conf
        ig=pkg-config --cross-prefix=x86_64-w64-mingw32- --arch=x86_64 --target-os=mingw
        32 --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --disable-debug --enable-iconv --enable-zlib -
        -enable-libxml2 --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-gmp --enable-l
        zma --enable-fontconfig --enable-opencl --enable-libvmaf --disable-vulkan --enab
        le-libvorbis --enable-amf --enable-libaom --enable-avisynth --enable-libdav1d --
        enable-libdavs2 --enable-ffnvcodec --enable-cuda-llvm --disable-libglslang --ena
        ble-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-libt
        heora --enable-libvpx --enable-libwebp --enable-libmfx --enable-libopencore-amrn
        b --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-librav1e --enable-lib
        rubberband --enable-schannel --enable-sdl2 --enable-libsoxr --enable-libsrt --en
        able-libtwolame --enable-libvidstab --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-l
        ibxavs2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzimg --extra-cflags=-DLIBTWOLAME_STATIC --e
        xtra-cxxflags= --extra-ldflags=-pthread --extra-libs=-lgomp
          libavutil      56. 51.100 / 56. 51.100
          libavcodec     58. 91.100 / 58. 91.100
          libavformat    58. 45.100 / 58. 45.100
          libavdevice    58. 10.100 / 58. 10.100
          libavfilter     7. 85.100 /  7. 85.100
          libswscale      5.  7.100 /  5.  7.100
          libswresample   3.  7.100 /  3.  7.100
          libpostproc    55.  7.100 / 55.  7.100
        Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from '2.mp4':
          Metadata:
            major_brand     : isom
            minor_version   : 512
            compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41
            encoder         : Lavf57.58.101
          Duration: 00:04:10.13, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 161 kb/s
            Stream #0:0(und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p, 640x368 [
        SAR 1:1 DAR 40:23], 107 kb/s, 20 fps, 20 tbr, 10240 tbn, 80 tbc (default)
            Metadata:
              handler_name    : VideoHandler
            Stream #0:1(und): Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 48000 Hz, stereo, flt
        p, 48 kb/s (default)
            Metadata:
              handler_name    : SoundHandler
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/out000.ts' for writing
        Output #0, segment, to 'm3u8/out%03d.ts':
          Metadata:
            major_brand     : isom
            minor_version   : 512
            compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41
            encoder         : Lavf58.45.100
            Stream #0:0(und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p, 640x368 [
        SAR 1:1 DAR 40:23], q=2-31, 107 kb/s, 20 fps, 20 tbr, 90k tbn, 40 tbc (default)
            Metadata:
              handler_name    : VideoHandler
            Stream #0:1(und): Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 48000 Hz, stereo, flt
        p, 48 kb/s (default)
            Metadata:
              handler_name    : SoundHandler
        Stream mapping:
          Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (copy)
          Stream #0:1 -> #0:1 (copy)
        Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/2.m3u8.tmp' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/out001.ts' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/2.m3u8.tmp' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/out002.ts' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/2.m3u8.tmp' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/out003.ts' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/2.m3u8.tmp' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/out004.ts' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/2.m3u8.tmp' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/out005.ts' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/2.m3u8.tmp' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/out006.ts' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/2.m3u8.tmp' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/out007.ts' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/2.m3u8.tmp' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/out008.ts' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/2.m3u8.tmp' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/out009.ts' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/2.m3u8.tmp' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/out010.ts' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/2.m3u8.tmp' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/out011.ts' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/2.m3u8.tmp' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/out012.ts' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/2.m3u8.tmp' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/out013.ts' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/2.m3u8.tmp' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/out014.ts' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/2.m3u8.tmp' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/out015.ts' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/2.m3u8.tmp' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/out016.ts' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/2.m3u8.tmp' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/out017.ts' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/2.m3u8.tmp' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/out018.ts' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/2.m3u8.tmp' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/out019.ts' for writing
        [segment @ 00000000004b8d00] Opening 'm3u8/2.m3u8.tmp' for writing
        frame= 4996 fps=0.0 q=-1.0 Lsize=N/A time=00:04:10.09 bitrate=N/A speed=1.44e+03
        x
        video:3274kB audio:1468kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxi
        ng overhead: unknown
         
        轉(zhuǎn)碼成功之后就可以在播放器中使用,加載速度快多啦!

        視頻流使用FFmpeg將mp4視頻轉(zhuǎn)換為m3u8/ts文件
        視頻流使用FFmpeg將mp4視頻轉(zhuǎn)換為m3u8/ts文件
         
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